The aims of the first chapter of this book arc to provide the foun- dations for functional group chemistry. By the end of this chapter you should be able to understand:
1.1 The Structure of Functional Groups
A funtional group is a chemically reactive group of atoms within a molecule. Each functional group has its characteristic reactivity, which may be modified by its position within the molecule or by the presence of other neighbouring functional groups.
When these ideas are extended to butane, there are three about the central C-C bond which need to be considered. Not only are there the extremes of the staggered (1.16) and eclipsed conformations (1.17), in which the methyl group interactions are at a minimum and a maximum respectively, but there is also a gauche conformation (1.18) which is intermediate between these.
When the carbon chain is constrained in a cyclohexane ring, there are two extreme conformations known as the boat(1.19) and chair (1.20) forms. The former is destabilized by eclipsed interactions whilst in the latter the interactions are gauche. This conformation is more stable.
Drag the Correct answers to boxes
1.3 Name of the following compounds:
In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of atoms or bonds within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.